HEALTH SCIENCE ONLINE
COURSE OUTLINE
MATERIALS
Foundations of Health Science consists of the following components:
• Educator Resource – Single use licenses with access to course content and Boost
Dashboard (i.e., monitors leaner progress and grades, provides feedback)
• Learner Course – Single use license with access to course content
ASSIGNMENTS
As active learners in Foundations of Health Science, learners will be expected to:
• Complete the Pre-test to establish a basis for measuring individual accomplishment
• View and carefully participate (i.e., pronouncing the medical and anatomical information
along with the narrator; visualizing the audionym and its association) in the video
presentation for each lesson
• Complete all associated, lesson-based learning activities and reading assignments
• Perform a final review of medical terminology and basic human anatomy (including
associated medical terminology) content
• Complete the Final Test to assess knowledge and understanding of health science
foundations
OBJECTIVES
On completion of Foundations of Health Science leaners will be able to:
• Identify the structure of medical terminology and recognize word roots, prefixes, suffixes,
and combining forms
• Understand that the meaning of most complex medical terms is derived by analysis of
simpler components or word parts
• Understand the terminology and fundamental concepts of basic human anatomy
• Identify the structures of the human body – including anatomical positions, body planes,
abdominopelvic quadrants, regional subdivisions, and body cavities – through concepts of
organ and system structure
• Identify the names and locations of all the major parts in each principal body system
including all 206 bones of the skeletal system and the structures of the eye and the ear
• Understand the primary functions of each principal body system
• Complete a final test and achieve a percentage score of 70 percent or better
INTRODUCTION
The Dean Vaughn Total Retention System®
• Importance of the Learning Activities
• Important Definitions
medical term element prefix
Root word terminal combining vowel
combining form
• Review Activity
MODULE 2 – MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
Basic Structure of Medical Terminology
• Suffix Elements
-itis -osis -malacia -megal -algia
-oma -plast -path -ologist -ology
-penia -spasm -oid -scop -gram
-otomy -ostopy -ectomy -lysis -rrhexis
-desis -trophy -ptosis -dyn -rraphy
-emesis -ectasis -esthesia -pexy -cele
-asthenia -tope -crine -plegia -rrhag
-rrhe -acusis -phil -ptysis -stasis
• Prefix Elements
a- an- auto- bi- bradydys- hemi- hyper- hypo- interintra- multi- peri- poly- postpre- quad- retro- semi- sub-
• Overcoming Problems of Literal Interpretations
• Review Activities
MODULE 3 – ANATOMICAL TERMS, LOCATION & DIRECTION
Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology
• Anatomical Location
cranial cephal caudal superior inferior
epihypo- proximal distal ventral anterior
dorsal posterior lateral renal chondraxillary brachial inguinal cubital popliteal
pulmonary viscera
• Anatomical Direction & Location
anatomical position body planes midsaggital plane
saggital plane horizontal plane frontal plane
lumbar unbilical iliac
abdominopelvic area quadrants epigastric region
hypochondriac region thoracic abdominal
pelvic abdominopelvic cavity ventral cavity
dorsal cavity
• Medical Elements Associated with Anatomical Direction & Location
intra- inter- infra- capit- cauinfer- cata- cata-
• Review Activities
MODULE 4 – THE SKELETAL SYSTEM
Learn 25 medical elements
lobo- brady- -esthesia benign melan-
-emesis -ectasis cantho- semen caudacontra- cyt- steno- celio- lingua-
-iasis odont- cheil- erythro- myringtrans- leuk- -cele vaso- spondyl-
MODULE 5 – THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Muscular System
o Muscle fibers
o Types of muscles
o Movements performed by muscles
• How Muscles are Named
my- myo- direction
location size number
shape origin; insertion action
rectus transverse oblique
longus brevis major
minor maximus minimus
biceps triceps quadriceps
• Muscles Named by Action
flexor extensor abductor
adductor levator depressor
supinator pronator dorsiflexor
plantar flexor invertor evertor
sphincter tensor rotator
• Diseases & Disorders of the Muscular System
• Associated Medical Elements
burso- facia- cine- vuls- tensspas- ton- lig-
• Review Activities
MODULE 6 – THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Integumentary System
o Skin layers
o Skin color
• Major Structures of the Integumentary System
dermat- cutis- skin
epidermis dermis hypodermis
hair shaft root
hair follicle
sebaceous glands sweat glands
nail body free edge nail root
nail bed
• Diseases & Disorders of the Integumentary System
• Associated Medical Elements
cut- pil- trich- onych- adiplip- pilo- squam- fistul- collategument- sarc-
• Review Activities
MODULE 7 – THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Cardiovascular System
o Diastole, systole & electrical impulses
o Blood
• Major Structures of the Cardiovascular System
atrium ventricle chambers
blood vessels artery arteriole
capillary venule vein
pulmon aorta vena cava
• How Arteries and Veins are Names
coronary carotid jugular
saphenous
• Diseases & Disorders of the Cardiovascular System
• Associated Medical Elements
pyle- phleb- thromb- lien- artersplen-
• Review Activities
MODULE 8 – THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Lymphatic System
• Major Parts of the Lymphatic System
vessels nodes tonsils
thymus spleen cervic
axillary inguinal spleen
thymus tonsils
• Diseases & Disorders of the Lymphatic System
• Associated Medical Elements
lymph- myel- leuk- cyt- erythredema
• Review Activities
MODULE 9 – THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Respiratory System
• The Process of Breathing
o External respiration
o Internal respiration
o Cellular respiration
• Major Parts of the Respiratory System
lungs nose mouth
pharynx larynx trachea
bronchi bronchioles
• Diseases & Disorders of the Respiratory System
• Associated Medical Elements
rhin- pneum- thorac- spir- pectsinus- sept- alveol- peri- phonia-
• Review Activities
MODULE 10 – THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Nervous System
o Central nervous system
o Peripheral nervous system
o Neurons
o Sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous system
• Major Parts of the Nervous System
o Central Nervous System
cerebellum cerebrum thalamus
hypothalamus midbrain pons
medulla brain stem spinal cord
white matter gray matter central canal
o Peripheral Nervous System
nerve plexuses afferent nerves efferent nerves
sympathetic nerves parasympathetic nerves sciatic nerve
somatic nervous system
• Diseases & Disorders of the Nervous System
• Associated Medical Elements
encephal- thalam- plexus- dendr- duraependym- gangli- rachi- neuro- plegia-
• Review Activities
MODULE 11 – THE SENSORY ORGANS (SPECIAL SENSES)
- Basic Function & Structure of the Eye
o Outer layer
o Middle layer
o Inner layer
o Lens, aqueous & vitreous humor and conjunctiva
• Major Parts of the Eyeball
optic nerve sclera choroid
retina posterior cavity lens
suspensory ligament ciliary body conjunctiva
pupil iris anterior cavity
cornea aqueous humor vitreous humor
• Basic Function & Structure of the Ear
o External (Outer) Ear
o Middle Ear
o Inner Ear
• Major Parts of the Ear
external (outer) ear middle ear (tympanic cavity) internal (inner) ear
pinna auditory canal tympanic membrane
vestibule cochlea semi-circular canals
• Diseases & Disorders of the Sensory Organs
• Associated Medical Elements
lacrim- audi- aur- myring- ot-
• Review Activities
MODULE 12 – THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Endocrine System
o Pituitary gland
o Thyroid gland
o Adrenal gland
o Insulin & glucagon
• Glands of the Endocrine System
hypothalamus pituitary pineal
thyroid parathyroids adrenals
ovaries testes pancreas
• Diseases & Disorders of the Endocrine System
• Associated Medical Elements
aden- hormone- thyro- adreno-
• Review Activities
MODULE 13 – THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Digestive System
• Major Parts of the Small & Large Intestine
alimentary canal accessory organs esophagastr- enter- small intestine
large intestine duodenum jejunum
cecum colon sigmoid
rectum anus pancreas
hepat- cholecyst
• Diseases & Disorders of the Digestive System
• Associated Medical Elements
stoma- bucco- ptyal- glycol- orbili- oment- peps- cheil-
• Review Activities
MODULE 14 – THE URINARY SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Urinary System
• Major Parts of the Urinary System
kidneys ureters urinary bladder
urethra
• Diseases & Disorders of the Urinary System
• Associated Medical Elements
nephr- ureter urethra
• Review Activities
MODULE 15 – THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Basic Function & Structure of the Reproductive System
o Male Reproductive System
▪ Testes
▪ Epididymis
▪ Seminal vesicles & prostate gland
▪ Penis
o Female Reproductive System
▪ Ovaries
▪ Uterine Tubes
▪ Uterus
▪ Vagina
▪ Vulva
▪ Mammary Glands
• Major Parts of the Reproductive System
o Male Reproductive System
testis scrotum penis
glans penis seminal vesicle bulbourethral gland
prostate gland epididymis ductus deferens
ejaculatory duct prostatic urethra membranous urethra
spongy urethra urethral orifice
o Female Reproductive System
ovaries uterine tube uterus
cervix vagina clitoris
labium minor labium major mammary glands
•
Dean Vaughn FOUNDATIONS OF HEALTH SCIENCE Course Outline
13
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• Diseases & Disorders of the Reproductive System
• Associated Medical Elements
orchi- lact- colp- oophor- part
gravid- gyn- mamm- metr- thelsalpingo- umbillic- ovario- utero-
• Review Activities
MODULE 15 – THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Universal Elements
steno- cheil- benign- melan- oncoviscero- sphenic- anti- myco- plasiarug- iso- malign- adnexa- laparment- somato- tracho- hypno- sclersept- scirr- antr- plak- alveolsedat- furca- radic- radi- metabolpariet- gemin- grad- calc- labimicr- phob- en- pro- mechanodynam- traumat- ameb- strict- turbinneo- therm- sym- ramus- panab- ante- ex- puer- prolimacro- lal- cryo- mal- glomsomni- pharmac- vert- eu- ambiamphi- clas- duct- fiss- gerheter- hom- sta- volv- splanchnmed- xer- per- blast- ducphren- ptyal- colla- osmo- lumboolfact- helio- histo- phage- tarso-
• Review Activities
• Supplemental Reading Assignment: Medical Terminology Used in the Description of
Diseases
• Supplemental Reading Assignment: Medical Terminology Used in Operative Procedures
• Supplemental Reading Assignment: Familiar Medical Elements
• Supplemental Reading Assignment: Common Medical Abbreviations
CONCLUSION
Conclusion to the Dean Vaughn Total Retention System® – Foundations of Health
Science course- Final Test